Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
Records 1-10 (of 10 Records) |
Query Trace: Perin D[original query] |
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Estimating the global impact of rotavirus vaccines on child mortality
Clark A , Mahmud S , Debellut F , Pecenka C , Jit M , Perin J , Tate J , Soeters HM , Black RE , Santosham M , Sanderson C . Int J Infect Dis 2023 137 90-97 OBJECTIVES: To estimate the global impact of rotavirus vaccines on under-five deaths by year. METHODS: We used a proportionate outcomes model with a finely disaggregated age structure to estimate rotavirus deaths prevented by vaccination over the period 2006-2019 in 186 countries. We ran deterministic and probabilistic uncertainty analyses and compared our estimates to surveillance-based estimates in 20 countries. RESULTS: We estimate that rotavirus vaccines prevented 139,000 under-five rotavirus deaths (95% uncertainty interval 98,000 - 201,000) in the period 2006-2019. In 2019 alone, rotavirus vaccines prevented 15% (95% UI 11-21%) of under-five rotavirus deaths (0.5% of child mortality). Assuming global use of rotavirus vaccines and coverage equivalent to other co-administered vaccines could prevent 37% of under-five rotavirus deaths (1.2% of child mortality). Our estimates were sensitive to the choice of rotavirus mortality burden data and several vaccine impact modelling assumptions. WHO's recommendation to remove age restrictions in 2012 could have prevented up to 17,000 rotavirus deaths in the period 2013-2019. Our modelled estimates of rotavirus vaccine impact were broadly consistent with estimates from post-vaccination surveillance sites. CONCLUSIONS: Rotavirus vaccines have made a valuable contribution to global public health. Enhanced rotavirus mortality prevention strategies are needed in countries with high mortality in under-5-year-old children. |
Systematic estimates of the global, regional and national under-5 mortality burden attributable to birth defects in 2000-2019: a summary of findings from the 2020 WHO estimates
Perin J , Mai CT , De Costa A , Strong K , Diaz T , Blencowe H , Berry RJ , Williams JL , Liu L . BMJ Open 2023 13 (1) e067033 OBJECTIVES: To examine the potential for bias in the estimate of under-5 mortality due to birth defects recently produced by the WHO and the Maternal and Child Epidemiology Estimation research group. DESIGN: Systematic analysis. METHODS: We examined the estimated number of under-5 deaths due to birth defects, the birth defect specific under-5 mortality rate, and the per cent of under-5 mortality due to birth defects, by geographic region, national income and under-5 mortality rate for three age groups from 2000 to 2019. RESULTS: The under-5 deaths per 1000 live births from birth defects fell from 3.4 (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 3.1-3.8) in 2000 to 2.9 (UI 2.6-3.3) in 2019. The per cent of all under-5 mortality attributable to birth defects increased from 4.6% (UI 4.1%-5.1%) in 2000 to 7.6% (UI 6.9%-8.6%) in 2019. There is significant variability in mortality due to birth defects by national income level. In 2019, the under-5 mortality rate due to birth defects was less in high-income countries than in low-income and middle-income countries, 1.3 (UI 1.2-1.3) and 3.0 (UI 2.8-3.4) per 1000 live births, respectively. These mortality rates correspond to 27.7% (UI 26.6%-28.8%) of all under-5 mortality in high-income countries being due to birth defects, and 7.4% (UI 6.7%-8.2%) in low-income and middle-income countries. CONCLUSIONS: While the under-5 mortality due to birth defects is declining, the per cent of under-5 mortality attributable to birth defects has increased, with significant variability across regions globally. The estimates in low-income and middle-income countries are likely underestimated due to the nature of the WHO estimates, which are based in part on verbal autopsy studies and should be taken as a minimum estimate. Given these limitations, comprehensive and systematic estimates of the mortality burden due to birth defects are needed to estimate the actual burden. |
Characteristics of the provider-patient encounter associated with awareness of and willingness to take PrEP among young minority urban males in Baltimore City
Chandran A , Marcell AV , Sanders RA , Perin J , Page KR , Loosier PS , Dittus PJ , Jennings JM . AIDS Educ Prev 2019 31 (3) 237-245 We aimed to identify provider encounter characteristics associated with awareness of and willingness to take PrEP among young urban minority males at higher risk for HIV acquisition. The 74 individuals included in this analysis from a cross-sectional survey of males aged 15-24 being seen at a Baltimore city clinic were those who identified as a man who had sex with men (MSM), reported injection drug use, were in a serodiscordant relationship, had a sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the past 6 months, or reported condomless sex with a partner with unknown HIV status. Topics of provider-initiated conversations associated with willingness to take PrEP included one's sexual behavior (OR 7.35, 95% CI [2.23, 24.26]), whether one had been hurt by a partner (OR 4.71, 95% CI [1.40, 15.87]), and risk reduction (OR 6.91, 95% CI [2.10, 22.81]). This study may yield new targets for provider-level interventions for increasing PrEP uptake. |
Evaluation of an adapted project connect community based intervention among professionals serving young minority men
Perin J , Jennings JM , Arrington-Sanders R , Page KR , Loosier PS , Dittus PJ , Marcell AV . Sex Transm Dis 2019 46 (3) 165-171 BACKGROUND: To address sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs of young minority urban males, we developed and evaluated Project Connect Baltimore (Connect), which was adapted from a program with demonstrated effectiveness among young females. The objectives were to determine 1) the feasibility of Connect as adapted for young minority men, 2) whether the program increased SRH knowledge and resource sharing of youth-serving professionals (YSPs) working with young men, and 3) whether the program improved awareness and use of resources for young minority men in Baltimore City, an urban environment with high rates of STDs.MethodsConnect developed a clinic referral guide for male youth-friendly resources for SRH. YSPs working with partners and organizations serving young minority men were trained to use Connect materials and pre-, immediate-, and three-month post-training surveys were conducted to evaluate program effects. A before-after evaluation study was conducted among young men attending five urban Connect clinics where STD/HIV rates are high, recruiting young men in repeated cross-sectional surveys from April 2014 to September 2017. RESULTS: 235 YSPs were trained to use Connect materials, including a website, a paper-based pocket guide, and information regarding SRH for young men. These professionals demonstrated increased knowledge about SRH for young men at immediate post-test (60.6% to 86.7%, p<0.05), and reported more sharing of websites for SRH (23% to 62%, p<0.05) from pre- to three-month post-training. 169 young minority men were surveyed and reported increased awareness of Connect over three and a half years (4% to 11%, p=0.015), although few young men reported using the website to visit clinics. CONCLUSION: Project Connect Baltimore increased knowledge of SRH needs among youth-serving professionals and sharing of SRH resources by these professionals with young men. This program also demonstrated increases in awareness of SRH resources among young minority urban men. |
Perspectives on strengthening cancer research and control in Latin America through partnerships and diplomacy: Experience of the National Cancer Institute's Center for Global Health
Frech S , Muha CA , Stevens LM , Trimble EL , Brew R , Perin DP , Luciani S , Mohar A , Pineros M , Vidaurre T , Morgan DR , Hawk ET , Schmeler KM , Foxhall LE , Rabadan-Diehl C , Duran D , Rendler-Garcia M , Cazap EL , Santini L , Zoss W , Delgado LB , Pearlman PC , Given L , Hohman K , Lopez MS , Kostelecky B . J Glob Oncol 2018 4 (4) 1-11 According to the Pan American Health Organization, noncommunicable diseases, including cancer, are the leading causes of preventable and premature death in the Americas. Governments and health care systems in Latin America face numerous challenges as a result of increasing morbidity and mortality from cancer. Multiple international organizations have recognized the need for collaborative action on and technical support for cancer research and control in Latin America. The Center for Global Health at the US National Cancer Institute (NCI-CGH) is one entity among many that are working in the region and has sought to develop a strategy for working in Latin America that draws on and expands the collaborative potential of engaged, skilled, and diverse partners. NCI-CGH has worked toward developing and implementing initiatives in collaboration with global partners that share the common objectives of building a global cancer research community and translating research results into evidence-informed policy and practice. Both objectives are complementary and synergistic and are additionally supported by an overarching strategic framework that is focused on partnerships and science diplomacy. This work highlights the overall strategy for NCI-CGH engagement in Latin America through partnerships and diplomacy, and highlights selected collaborative efforts that are aimed at improving cancer outcomes in the region. |
Comparison of three serological assays to measure antibody response to Chlamydia antigen Pgp3 in adolescent and young adults with pelvic inflammatory disease
Dize L , Martin D , Gwyn S , Perin J , Gaydos C , Trent M . Int J STD AIDS 2018 29 (13) 956462418785244 Antibody-based epidemiologic surveillance to determine population-level exposure to sexually transmitted infections could help inform public health fertility preservation strategies. We compared the performance of three platforms to detect antibodies against the Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) antigen Pgp3 - multiplex bead array (MBA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and lateral flow assay (LFA) - on sera from adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Ninety-five of 118 AYAs diagnosed with PID (80.5%) had positive antibody response to Pgp3 antigen by at least one test, and 78 (66.1%) tested positive by all three tests. Among 27 individuals with infection detected using nucleic acid amplification testing, 92.6% were positive by MBA (25/27), 77.8% (21/27) were positive by ELISA, and 74.1% (20/27) were positive by LFA. These data suggest that the MBA was the most sensitive of the three tests and could be useful in seroepidemiologic studies designed to assess population-level exposure to CT. |
Population-based cancer screening programmes in low-income and middle-income countries: regional consultation of the International Cancer Screening Network in India
Sivaram S , Majumdar G , Perin D , Nessa A , Broeders M , Lynge E , Saraiya M , Segnan N , Sankaranarayanan R , Rajaraman P , Trimble E , Taplin S , Rath GK , Mehrotra R . Lancet Oncol 2018 19 (2) e113-e122 The reductions in cancer morbidity and mortality afforded by population-based cancer screening programmes have led many low-income and middle-income countries to consider the implementation of national screening programmes in the public sector. Screening at the population level, when planned and organised, can greatly benefit the population, whilst disorganised screening can increase costs and reduce benefits. The International Cancer Screening Network (ICSN) was created to share lessons, experience, and evidence regarding cancer screening in countries with organised screening programmes. Organised screening programmes provide screening to an identifiable target population and use multidisciplinary delivery teams, coordinated clinical oversight committees, and regular review by a multidisciplinary evaluation board to maximise benefit to the target population. In this Series paper, we report outcomes of the first regional consultation of the ICSN held in Agartala, India (Sept 5-7, 2016), which included discussions from cancer screening programmes from Denmark, the Netherlands, USA, and Bangladesh. We outline six essential elements of population-based cancer screening programmes, and share recommendations from the meeting that policy makers might want to consider before implementation. |
Breast cancer related perceptions and practices of health professionals working in Brazil's network of primary care units
Hallowell BD , Puricelli Perin DM , Simoes EJ , Paez DC , Parra DC , Brownson RC , Saraiya M . Prev Med 2017 106 216-223 In 2004 the Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA) established breast cancer screening guidelines for women in Brazil: annual clinical breast exam for women age 40-49 and biennial mammogram for women age 50-69. Healthcare provider's adherence to these guidelines is currently unknown. The objective of this study is to describe the perceptions and practices related to breast cancer screening among physicians, nurses, and health unit coordinators working in the network of primary healthcare units (HCUs) in Brazil. In 2011, 1600 primary HCUs were randomly sampled from all regions in Brazil. At each HCU the coordinator and one health professional were asked to participate in a telephone survey to gathered information on their knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to breast cancer screening. Participation rates for coordinators, physicians, and nurses were 78%, 34%, and 65% respectively. Health unit coordinators identified numerous barriers that prevent patients from receiving appropriate screening, many (44%) were unaware of INCA cancer screening guidelines. Despite a high perceived impact of INCA guidelines, a majority of physicians and nurses did not follow them. Most physicians and nurses recommended mammograms on an annual basis (~75%) and 50.9% of nurses and 25.1% of physicians initiated routine breast cancer screening in women under age 40. Physicians and nurses in Brazil screen at younger ages and more frequently than recommended by INCA guidelines. Given that primary HCUs are the source of health care for many women, interventions that educate healthcare providers on the appropriate ages and intervals for breast cancer screening may prove useful. |
Questions about cervical and breast cancer screening knowledge, practice, and outcomes: A review of demographic and health surveys
Viens L , Perin D , Senkomago V , Neri A , Saraiya M . J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2017 26 (5) 403-412 United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals and the World Health Organization's Global Monitoring Framework support a strong global commitment to reducing the high burden of cervical and breast cancers among low- and middle-income countries. Strategies include vaccination, screening, and early diagnosis. Population-based surveys, such as those conducted by the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) Program, can collect the information needed to guide cancer control efforts in a standardized comparable manner. We identified and evaluated the breadth of breast and cervical cancer screening information that was collected by the DHS from 1984 through 2015. Then, we determined if these surveys currently provide the specific and measurable data about both the quantity and quality of cancer screening needed to guide national efforts to reduce the overall effects of cervical and breast cancers. We searched the DHS website to identify surveys conducted between the start of the DHS Program in 1984 and November 2015 that included questions about breast and cervical cancer screening. The relevant questions were extracted from the questionnaire, translated into English, and grouped by themes. Of the 90 countries where DHS surveys have been implemented, cervical cancer screening questions were included in 22 countries (24.4%) and breast cancer screening questions in 18 countries (20.0%). The common themes identified were disease knowledge, screening knowledge, screening practice, and screening outcomes. Most countries with survey questionnaires available for review addressed at least one aspect of screening practice (88.9% of cervical and 87.5% of breast), although few countries queried knowledge and outcomes. Questions that assess varied aspects of breast and cervical cancer screening have been incorporated into relatively few DHS surveys. The themes identified could guide the design of a standard set of questions for use in future population-based surveys and enable evaluation beyond the existence of screening, which would include assessment of the quality and impact of cervical and breast cancer screening. |
Providers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to colorectal cancer control in Brazil
Puricelli Perin DM , Saraiya M , Thompson TD , de Moura L , Simoes EJ , Parra DC , Brownson RC . Prev Med 2015 In Brazil, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death among men, and the third most common among women. We aimed to examine CRC screening-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices among physicians and nurses working in Brazil's network of health units, and to describe the capacity of these units for CRC screening. In 2011, 1,600 health units were randomly selected from all 26 states and the Federal District. One coordinator and one health care provider were selected for the interview. Response rates were 78% for coordinators, 34% for physicians, and 65% for nurses. The Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA) recommendations for CRC screening were not often used in the health units, but screening outreach and use of CRC exams were more common in units that were using them. Physicians and nurses differed in most characteristics, and in their knowledge, attitudes, and practices of CRC screening. Forty-seven percent of physicians reported not conducting CRC screening compared to 65% of nurses. Fecal occult blood test was most often used by physicians and nurses, but fewer physicians than nurses perceived this exam as very effective in reducing CRC mortality. Physicians' gender, years since graduation, and geographical region of practice in Brazil were associated to CRC screening practice. The findings may reflect the low influence of INCA CRC screening recommendations, physicians receiving their medical education when CRC burden in Brazil was of low concern, and the lack of CRC screening capacity in some regions of Brazil. |
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